In the children’s counting “What should we build a house? Let’s draw – we will live!»The main rule of urban planning is laid down. Before you build a house, you must “draw” … its project. And the main section of the project is the design of water supply systems. Petersburg 300 years ago was conceived and designed by the type of European cities, there were no engineering communications at all. After several epidemics that arose against the backdrop of the monstrous pollution of the northern capital and channels, from where the townspeople took drinking water, the first installation of intending networks was made in the history of the city. Petersburg acquired sewage, and the length of the drains twice the length of the sewer of Paris.
Today, the development of the city is carried out according to the general plan, which marks all buildings, roads, parks, external engineering networks. Petersburg permeates underground communications of different years of development, all of them should be taken into account in the project.
The design of any object involves the following stages:
– engineering and survey work;
– characteristic of the object under construction;
– substantiations of the project (terms, cost, materials, binding to the General Plan)
– construction method and t. D.
A separate important part of the design of the engineering infrastructure of the facility includes external engineering networks. Petersburg has construction sites both on the outskirts and in the center of the metropolis. Pipelines are laid under parks and roads in the last century, many of them are outdated physically and morally, so the design of the new engineering network requires a thorough study of archival documentation. Often the connection of built buildings to external networks is possible only after their reconstruction. The reconstruction of the engineering structure is today possible only when using new technologies and materials. So, for laying new pipelines in the center, the GND is used – horizontal directed drilling. This method allows you to pull the pipeline underground without opening the soil. The monitor shows how drilling is going on, there is the opportunity to “get around” the obstacle in the form of an old masonry or other. The use of the GND does not require stopping movement if you need to lay communications under the highway, which is very comfortable for the life of the city.
Environmental friendliness and high quality of installation is the basis for optimizing engineering networks in construction, especially in areas where new buildings are interspersed with historical monuments, and the laying of new communications is combined with the modernization and reconstruction of networks of past centuries. At the same time, a very relevant task is to reduce costs and energy intensity during work, only modern technologies, equipment and materials give this opportunity.
