Any technological process begins with the preparation of raw materials, including the production of ceramic bricks. Such products are divided into: building material (full -bodied – per voids of less than 13%) and facing – decorative, finishing, glazed, restoration. Now the entire production process is automated. Brick is released in two ways: plastic molding and dry pressing. In the first case, products are obtained from mass with higher humidity. In the second, the mixture is crushed to a powder state, the mold is carried out using presses without drying or with short -term drying.
The main raw material for production is clay, the main requirement is maximum homogeneity. Optimal sand – 30%, the most undesirable admixture – limestone, which is able to significantly violate the structure of finished products. First, on stationary or mobile installations using a beat or cutter, crushing large clay lumps is carried out. Then it is placed in special drives with dispensers that are equipped with tape or plate conveyors. According to them, raw materials to remove large inclusions are supplied to the screw rollers.
If the physical indicators of clay do not meet the technological requirements, stabilizing additives are introduced into it. Further, in special devices equipped with water or steam supply systems, mixing process takes place. To increase the homogeneity of the mixture, re -grinding is carried out by wet grinding. Then the mass, to increase the molding properties, is sent for retirement – for several days they can be kept in concrete or steel margins. After that, it is submitted to the extruder – a strip press where the molding of a whole beam is carried out. The humidity is about 20%.
The clay workpiece is cut with special machine guns into bricks, which come for drying, and then to the firing produced in ring or tunnel furnaces at a temperature of 700 – 1200 ° C. Due to which finished products acquires strength and resistance to physical and chemical factors.
Complete ceramic brick production is carried out using modern technologies that allows you to get proper quality and good appearance. This type of building material does not lose its relevance for many years, due to its reliability and wide opportunities for use.
