The incandescent lamp was invented by Thomas Edisson about 100 years ago in the United States. In the beginning, it was made with coal, and later with a tungsten thread of incandescent. At that time, this invention made a real splash and helped people much increase labor productivity.
Disadvantages and advantages
Today, an ordinary incandescent lamp is used everywhere around the world. The main criterion why people prefer this lamp is its low price. It costs an average of 10 times cheaper than an energy -saving lamp. Of the shortcomings, its rapid heating and fragility should be noted. The average service life of a tungsten lamp is 1200-1400 hours of work. In addition, she is fire hazard.
Energy -saving lamps, although more expensive, but much more profitable than ordinary. Luminescent lamps reduce the consumed electricity by 80%.
T. e. an ordinary 100-watt lamp can be replaced with a 20-watt luminescent.
In addition, such lamps last longer. If a regular lamp shines for about 6 months, then luminescent – about 5.5 years. Luminescent lamps almost do not heat up and do not carry any danger to vision.
Than the energy -saving lamps are dangerous?
There are more and more conversations about the danger of energy -saving lamps in recent years. Most skeptics claim that mercury contained in lamps is dangerous to health. It is – mercury is heavy metal and its ingress in the body is fraught with dangerous diseases. But it must be remembered that with the proper operation of the lamps, the probability of getting their contents in the human body is insignificant.
In addition, do not forget that mercury in this type of lamp is in an unrelated state, in addition in micro-doses, so even if you break such a lamp, it will be enough to ventilate the room and rinse your hands and face in warm water with soap.
How they were invented
About 75% of all the energy that is spent today in the world is gone to light. This pushed scientists in search of more economical options lamp than ordinary. Today, fluorescent lamps are more popular, although there are other options: sodium, mercury and other lamps.
The invented fluorescent lamp was at first long and very uncomfortable for the house. And when about 30 years ago, scientists found the method to reduce its dimensions, this was the impetus for the demand for such lamps.
How does this work?
An energy -saving lamp is a low pressure light source. The discharge of current occurs in pairs of inert gas and mercury. The electric field makes the mercury vapor release ultraviolet radiation. The phosphor, applied to the inner walls of the lamp, makes it visible.
The lamp consists of two parts. A luminous case is a glass flask with a twisted glass tube inside. This luminous body of the lamp is attached to the permit capacitor. This capacitor allows the lamp to work from an ordinary city power grid.
You can buy energy -saving lamps today anywhere – these new products have long and tightly entered the use of our layman. And this is not surprising – after all, such a lamp saves the family budget.
In the future, energy consumption will only grow, so states that take care of savings will pay more and more attention to energy -saving technologies. And the fluorescent lamps will get cheaper and take their place on the market, displacing outdated incandescent lamps.